This brief summarises an ILO Working paper that refines the global assessment of occupational exposure to generative AI. It presents an updated methodology combining task-level data, expert input, and AI predictions to support more accurate analysis of GenAI’s potential impact on jobs.
Updates ILO’s 2023 estimates of potential occupational exposure to generative AI (GenAI) technology and the employment shares of affected occupations.
Incorporates a more refined methodology that draws on both human and AI insight, and which is assessed at the 6-digit occupational level covering nearly 30,000 tasks.
Defines four progressively increasing gradients of GenAI exposure depending on the mean exposure score and the degree of task variability for each ISCO-08 occupation.
Overall, the automation scores are slightly lower than in 2023 (a mean automation score of 0.29 in 2025 versus 0.30 in 2023), though the variability of scores is considerably lower (standard deviation 0.14 in 2025 v. 0.30 in 2023).
Growing abilities of GenAI models in such areas as voice, image and video generation have increased automation scores for a range of tasks in media- and web-related occupations.
One in four workers across the world are in an occupation with some degree of GenAI exposure, but because of the continued need for human input, most jobs will be transformed rather than made redundant.
There is need to ensure that the transition is managed through social dialogue, to enhance both working conditions and productivity.
